研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译对照(12)

不过，城市里的宝宝虽然生活条件优越，但与欠发达国家农村地区的宝宝相比，患上某些疾病的风险更高，包括过敏症、哮喘，以及1型糖尿病、多发性硬化和炎症性肠病等自身免疫性疾病。
While the film makes no mention of hygiene in any of the countries, its images evoke an intriguing medical controversy: Are we too clean, with our preoccupation for hand-sanitizers, disinfectants and anti-microbial products? Now, there"s research that suggests there may be a way to get the best of both worlds.
虽然《阳光宝贝》所表达的主旨并非任何一个国家的卫生状况，但片中很多画面引发了一场医学方面的有趣争论。对我们这些非常看重消毒剂、杀菌剂和抗菌产品的城市人来说，到底有没有必要让自己的生活环境太干净？现在，有一项研究认为，也许有一种方法可以拉近两个世界的距离，让彼此取长补短。
According to the "hygiene hypothesis," first proposed in 1989, exposure to a variety of bacteria, viruses and parasitic worms early in life helps prime a child"s immune system, much like sensory experiences program his brain. Without such early instruction, the immune system may go haywire and overreact with allergies to foods, pollen and pet dander or turn on the body"s own tissue, setting off autoimmune disorders.
根据1989年首次提出的“卫生假说”(hygiene hypothesis)理论，孩子在成长早期如果接触多种病毒、细菌和寄生虫，将有利于其免疫系统的发展，似乎这样能促进大脑对其做出更好的防御准备。反之，如果缺乏这类早期接触，免疫系统就可能出现紊乱，做出过激反应，如对食物、花粉和宠物毛屑过敏等，或者引发人体机理问题，出现自身免疫失调。