20考研英语熟词僻义收藏版，背下来做阅读理解不再“卡壳”！(32)

shape
n.①形状，外形;②情况，状态;③种类;v.成型，塑造
【例 1】 The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a littlemore than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment inshaping (v.) and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to berecognized and studied.【译】 自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。
sound
n.声音，声响;v.①发声，响;②听起来;a.①健全的，完好的;②正当的，有根据的;③彻底的，
充分的
【例 1】 Instead of describing sounds (n.) we must make up words that imitatethem; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page,and shorten or lengthen words at will.【译】 我们必须造出词语去模仿声音，而不应对其进行描述;我们必须在同一张纸上使用不同型号和不同颜色的墨水，并随意缩短或加长单词。【例 2】 However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so muchcompetition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winnersthan losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written bookreviews (n.②), displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.【译】 然而，青少年的生活已经充满竞争，所以为他们安排赢家多于输家的各种活动是明智的。