牛津词典公布2021年度词汇：Vax(14)

dramatic
1）表示“激动人心的；引人注目的；给人印象深刻的”，英文解释为“exciting and impressive”如：a dramatic victory 激动人心的胜利。
2）表示“突然的；巨大的；令人吃惊的”，英文解释为“sudden, very great and often surprising”，如：a dramatic increase暴涨。
3）表示“戏剧的；表演的”，英文解释为“relating to plays and acting”如：the American Academy of Dramatic Arts 美国戏剧艺术学院。
spike
此前在剑桥词典公布2020年度词汇：Quarantine中出现过，作名词，可以理解为“峰值”或者“激增；猛增；急升”，英文解释为“a sharp increase in the magnitude or concentration of something”，如：a spike in oil prices 油价的急剧上涨。
也可以作动词，同样表示“激增”，英文解释为“if the number or rate of something spikes, it increases quickly and by a large amount ”举个：
New orders have spiked in the last two years.
新订单在过去两年里激增。
preoccupation
表示“（时常想的）想法、事情；关注；盘算，思虑，长久思考的事情”，英文解释为“an idea or subject that someone thinks about most of the time”举个：
My main preoccupation now is trying to keep life normal for the sake of my two boys.
我现在想得最多的是要为了我的两个儿子而尽力使生活保持正常。
牛津词典公布2019年度词汇：Climate Emergency文中也提到了这个词：The Word of the Year citation is intended to highlight “a word or expression shown through usage evidence to reflect the ethos, mood, or preoccupations of the passing year, and have a lasting potential as a term of cultural significance.” 年度词汇的标准是选出“一个词语或表达方式，其用例能反映过去一年的社会风气、情绪或关注点，并可能具有持久的文化意义”。