继电保护原理与应用(第三版)3.1-3.5(2)

IEEE字典（IEEE 100）将相量定义为“复数”。除非另有规定，否则仅在稳态交替线性系统的上下文中使用。它继续：“复数的绝对值（模数）对应于量的峰值振幅或均方根（rms）值，相位（参数）对应于零时间的相位角。推而广之，相量一词也可用于阻抗，以及与时间无关的相关复数
In this book, phasors will be used to document various AC voltages, currents, fluxes, impedances, and power. For many years phasors were referred to as ‘‘vectors,’’ but this use is discouraged to avoid confusion with space vectors. However, the former use lingers on, so occasionally a lapse to vectors may occur.
在这本书中，相量将被用来记录各种交流电压，电流，通量，阻抗和功率。多年来，相量被称为“矢量”，但不鼓励这种使用，以避免与空间矢量混淆。然而，前一种用法仍然存在，因此偶尔会出现向量的错误。
3.2.1 Phasor Representation相量表示
The common pictorial form for representing electrical and magnetic phasor quantities uses the Cartesian coordinates with x (the abscissa) as the axis of real quantities and y (the ordinate) as the axis of imaginary quantities. This is illustrated in Figure 3.1. Thus, a point c on the complex plane x–y can be represented as shown in this figure, and mathematically documented by the several alternative forms given in the following equation: