充满智慧、幽默的哈佛大学公开课-第7讲这是我的土地(7)

生命与自由不可剥夺，还在洛克基础上加上了追求幸福的权利，都是不可剥夺的权利。这些权利如此基本，对我必不可少，连我自己都不能出售或放弃它们。
So these are the rights we have in the state of nature before there is any government. In the case of life and liberty, I can"t take my own life. I can"t sell myself into slavery any more than I can take somebody else"s life or take someone else as a slave by force.
这些就是我们在政府产生前，自然状态下拥有的权利。就生命和自由而言，我不能剥夺自己的生命。不能将自己变卖为奴隶，我也不能剥夺他人生命或胁迫他人成为奴隶。
But how does that work in the case of property? Because it"s essential to Locke"s case that private property can arise even before there is any government.
但对财产而言又是怎样的情况呢？因为洛克理论中必不可少的一点是说，私有财产在任何政府建立前就已经产生。
How can there be a right to private property even before there is any government? Locke"s famous answer comes in Section 27.
但私有财产权利怎么能在政府建立之前就产生呢？洛克的经典回答在第27节。
"Every man has a property in his own person. This nobody has any right to but himself."
“每人对他自己的人身享有一种所有权。（《政府论(下卷)》第五章第27节 “论财产”）除他以外任何人都没有这种权利。”
"The labor of his body and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his." So he moves, as the libertarians later would move, from the idea that we own ourselves, that we have property in our persons to the closely connected idea that we own our own labor.