充满智慧、幽默的哈佛大学公开课-第11讲服从你的动机(11)

让行为具有道德价值并不与行为所产生的结果或者后果有关，而是与产生行为的动机有关，与意志的好坏有关，与行为的意图有关。重要的是动机，且必须是一种特定的动机。
So, the moral worth of an action depends on the motive for which it"s done. And the important thing is that the person do the right thing for the right reason.
所以，行为的道德价值取决于其动机。重要的是，个人是出于正确的原因去做正确的事情。
"A good will isn"t good because of what it affects or accomplishes," Kant writes, "It"s good in itself. Even if by its utmost effort, the good will accomplishes nothing, it would still shine like a jewel for its own sake as something which has its full value in itself."
“良善意志并不因其影响或成就才是好的，”康德写到，“而是因为它本身是好的。即便竭尽全力，好的意愿没用任何成果但它本身却依然会像珠宝那样闪光，就如同实现了完全价值的东西一样。”
And so, for any action to be morally good, it"s not enough that it should conform to the moral law, it must also be done for the sake of the moral law. The idea is that the motive confers the moral worth on an action and the only kind of motive that can confer moral worth on an action is the motive of duty.
所以，对于任何在道德上良好的行为，光是服从道德法则是不够的，还必须要为了道德法则去行动才可以。康德认为，正是动机赋予行为以道德价值，而唯一一种能赋予行为以道德价值的动机就是职责动机。