充满智慧、幽默的哈佛大学公开课-第11讲服从你的动机(6)

You"re obeying a prompting that you yourself haven"t chosen or created. And here it is worth noticing Kant"s specially demanding idea of freedom.
你是在服从着一种并非自己选择或产生的启示。这里值得注意的是，康德对自由尤其严格的定义。
What way of acting, how can my will be determined if not by the promptings of nature or my hunger or my appetite or my desires? Kant"s answer?
何谓自由行为，什么又堪称自由决定？如果并不是被本性、欲望、渴求或愿望所驱使的话。康德的回答是什么？
To act freely is to act autonomously. And to act autonomously is to act according to a law that I give myself, not according to the physical laws of nature or the laws of cause and effect which include my desire to eat or to drink or to choose this food in a restaurant over that.
自由行动也就是自主行动。自主行动则是根据自己制定的法则去行动，而不是根据自然法则或因果规律去行动，这些当然包括了我吃喝的欲望，或在餐厅里选择这种而非那种食物的欲望。
Now, what is the opposite. . . What is the opposite of autonomy for Kant? He invents a special term to describe the opposite of autonomy. Heteronomy is the opposite of autonomy.
那么，对康德来说，与自主行动相对的是什么？他自创了一个特殊的术语描述自律的对立面。他律是自律的对立面。